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submitted by Note: This is very long. Like, a 12 page assignment I had to do for my English class (college level, got a 90%). I had to use it for a "real-world" example, and I don't know how to make videos. I apologize in advance. MLA style citations are within, please forgive me.
An Argument for Baseball as the Greatest Sport Ever Created
America’s Pastime. The greatest show on dirt. A boring way to spend three hours. Many can call Baseball what they like, but it is my staunch belief that is it by far the best sport ever created in the history of man. Sure, a different sport such as soccer may have a worldwide following and popularity to match, but that is a sort of unfair advantage that will be later covered in this paper. I believe Baseball to be the superior sport for reason such as its history, how the game is played, the use of statistics, and how it is represented in other media.
Baseball has a few different stories as to how it was formed. Some say that a West Point graduate by the name of Abner Doubleday wrote down the rules after watching a disorganized variation of the sport known as “Town Ball”. Another account states that Baseball was created long ago, but the rules of the game after a stick hit the round ball weren’t formed yet. A third, and most likely correct account is when a group of blue collar workers came together to form the first Baseball club in the 1840s. Regardless of the true origin, this mystique and mystery that comes with the beginnings of the national game helped to propel its popularity throughout the country.
Move forward to the Civil War, and there are accounts of soldiers playing baseball to pass the time. Sometimes, the enemy would get close enough to shoot, as one soldier wrote in his journal “We were playing ball out in the field, when there were rifle reports off from the trees. No one was hurt, but the rebel bastards stole our only ball and captured our center fielder.” I personally find this to be rather humorous as the soldier seemed to mourn the loss of the ball rather than his captured compatriot.
When the war had ended and American life was beginning to return to normal, Baseball remained the constant. As Mark Twain himself said “Baseball is the very symbol, the outward and visible expression of the drive, and push, and rush and struggle of the raging, tearing, booming nineteenth century!”(Burns, Baseball), and it truly was. Many things changed in that century, all were turbulent, but baseball served as a welcome and wonderful distraction. Despite being rather leisurely, baseball requires a blinding speed to be played. You can see the appeal, as many had and continue to.
Leading into the turn of the century, Baseball was just as strong as ever. However, there was an internal problem raging within. See, the owners were rather greedy, and were as determined as possible to hold their money. As such, they paid their players almost nothing and several who spoke out were blacklisted. But one man, Ban Johnson, rose to the occasion and challenged the longstanding National League. He created the American League and formed a couple teams to challenge its popularity. And, for a short time at least, it worked. However, the National League was beginning to see the effects Johnson was having on their attendance, and parleyed with him. And, in 1908, the first World Series between the Chicago Orphans of the National League,(now the Chicago Cubs) and the Detroit Tigers of the American League commenced, and has been played every year, except in 1994, continuing into present day.
However, much like every sport, baseball had its fair share of controversy, and none is more notorious than that of the 1919 Chicago Black Sox Scandal. See, Johnson was also very determined to keep his players in line, and likewise paid them little. Gambling was a much bigger problem in the U.S one hundred years ago, and many controlled big pockets of the country, Chicago being no exception. Gamblers, who were looking to make a big score betting on the 1919 World Series between the Chicago White Sox and the Cincinnati Red set forth and approached the White Sox players. The White Sox were heavily favored to win, so if the gamblers could bet on the Reds and ensure they would win, they would be raking in the dough. Being acutely aware of their low pay, the gamblers offered to pay them handsomely if they were to throw the series and lose. Money was not the sole reason, however, as the gamblers had threatened to beat and possibly kill the wives of some players (Burns, Baseball).
Having lost the World Series, questions began to arise and eventually Major League Baseball had found the culprits. Five players, including the great “Shoeless” Joe Jackson, had received a lifetime ban. The fallout and consequences of the 1919 World Series was felt almost immediately, as attendance had begun to drop, and the American populace was becoming disenchanted with the sport. Something needed to be done to reignite the interest, but nothing worked. That is, until a few years later when another, slightly smaller, scandal hit. The star of the Boston Red Sox, George “Babe” Ruth, was traded to the New York Yankees (Burns, Baseball).
Ruth, at the time, was a pitcher and an outfielder. Such a player who could both pitch and play the field hadn’t been done until recently. However great he was as a pitcher, his true talent was hitting home runs. Until Ruth, home runs were things rarely come by, so it was exciting to see this “mammoth of a man” swing his bat and then “prance around the bases” with the grace of a ballet dancer”. He was an exciting addition to the sport, and people adored him. To the kids, he was a God amongst men. Men wanted to be like him. Women wanted to be with him. He was the first true celebrity in America, and quite possibly the world. He lived like a king, and was almost revered as such (Burns, Baseball).
With this renaissance of the sport it was once again challenged by the times. The Great Depression swept over the world and attendance once again dropped. Since people couldn’t afford to pay for tickets, they naturally couldn’t make the games. Gimmicks and new approaches were tried, such as the first All-Star games, and the new-fangled electric lighting for night games. Attendance rarely improved, and the game continued on when many in the country had faltered. The decades carried on, and the sport once again enjoyed another renaissance. People came out to see the games again. I mention the sport, not the Major League, because a second league was being played as well. Due to the constitutional segregation in the country, black players could not play with white men in the Major League. Therefore, a “Negro League” was formed, and it proved to be widely successful. Black players played just as hard and even better than white players. One such player was Jackie Robinson, who would become the first black player in Major League baseball by playing for the Brooklyn Dodgers. People were excited to watch him play, as he brought with him a scrappiness and fast paced play that people became fascinated by. Soon, more and more black players were playing in the Major League. This migration of players, however, brought forth the end of the Negro League, as they no longer had enough teams to support it.
Baseball carried on in its history for another half decade without anything much to shake the world about. The Brooklyn Dodgers and the New York Giants moved to the west coast, and with it, their bitter rivalry that still to this day continues. New teams were formed and played the sport in the usual way. However, one thing that remained constant was the frivolity of the owners. Players were still not being what they should have been. During the 1980’s, the owners colluded together in agreement to not sign any free agents, players who basically were still active but without a team. The players union had found out, and called them out on it. They successfully managed to get the owner to begrudgingly sign players. Such an event hasn’t happened since, however there were a lot of ramblings about it in the past offseason.
However, there was a more serious event that happened in 1994; a work stoppage. It was the only time in the history of the sport that the World Series was cancelled. A work stoppage of this magnitude hasn’t occurred since. But the effects were felt league-wide. The Montreal Expos, now the Washington Nationals, were in position to make the postseason with a dominant team, and very well could have won the World Series. However, the work stoppage had dashed their hopes, and the Washington Nationals, who moved from Montreal in 2004, have yet to make the World Series, but they have been a constant in the postseason for the past couple years.
Once again, baseball had suffered a blow to its pride. The work stoppage lowered attendance and interest once again, and the sport would need a miracle to recover. And, thankfully, a miracle came. In 1998, two players, Mark Mcgwire of the St. Louis Cardinals and Sammy Sosa of the Chicago Cubs were embattled in a home run race, set to break the single season record set by Babe Ruth decades prior. It was an exciting time, and the nation was once again enthralled by baseball, determined to see this whole thing through. In the end, Mcgwire won, beating Sosa by four home runs.
But there was another player who had set his sights on a higher, more acclaimed record; the career Home Run record. First set by Babe Ruth at 714, then broken by Hank Aaron decades later with 755 home runs, and then broken and set once again by Barry Bonds with 762. However, yet another scandal came to light once more, and has been the last truly world shattering scandals for the sport in North America. A report came out that read that a majority of players were using performance enhancing drugs, or PEDs. Most notable were players such as Mark Mcgwire, Sammy Sosa, and Barry Bonds. These players that had been seen as the savior of the sport had turned into the ultimate villain, and all records set by them would forever be tarnished with an asterisk (
), stating that the records they set, while recognized, are not entirely legitimate. On a personal note, this “” regarding Barry Bonds career home run record stands, and I recognize Hank Aaron for the record over him. New rules were put into place, and players are now more regularly tested for PEDs and punished more harshly (Burns, Baseball). Within this decade, many great things have happened for the sport. A dynasty in San Francisco have won 3 World Series’ in 5 years, their last being in 2014. Two teams who hadn’t won a World Series for almost their entire existence have won it, the Chicago Cubs (last won in 1908) and the Houston Astros (have not won it in their 60 year plus existence). League parity is at an all-time high and teams are embracing losing strategies in the present to win in the future. Such a strategy would be counterintuitive in every other sport, but baseball is the only one that allows such a demoralizing strategy to not only exist, but to have a proved result. The Cub and the Astros have embraced this strategy earlier in the decade, and the results they celebrated have proven it (ESPN, various).
With the enthralling history of the sport behind us (pun intended), we can look to other facets of it. This particular facet being the game itself; how it’s played. The game is played with two teams of 25 and 9 players can be on the defense at any time. The player responsible for delivering the ball to the batter is known as the pitcher. He must throw the ball over a white, pentagonal shape that is known as the strike zone, and it measures from the batters’ knees to the center of his chest. Any ball thrown in this area, so long as it is not hit by the batter, is called a strike. Any ball thrown outside this area, so long as it is likewise not hit or swung at by the batter, is known as a ball. The pitcher must get three strikes to remove the batter from play, or he can throw four balls to “walk” him, and the batter is awarded first base. However, the more common event for most is a ball put in play.
In order for the batter to record a hit, he must safely reach first base. If he were to hit an elevated ball, known as a pop fly, and a fielder in the grassy area, known as the outfield, catches the ball, he must return to his team’s dugout, and is called out. If, however the batter is able to hit the ball so it lands in fair territory and is neither caught or retrieved and thrown to the base he intends to run to before his arrival, he is considered safe, and may remain on first base. Some can see this sport as a sort of boring spectacle, but baseball does require blinding speed that is so inconspicuous, the common spectator wouldn’t notice it unless he looked for it.
What we see on the field is merely a tiny percentage of what baseball truly is. Baseball is a sport unlike any other because it is 90% mentally played (Dorfman, 6). What we are witnessing is a battle of wills played out over two to three hours. Let me provide an example. A pitcher is pitching in a game, as most pitchers do, and up to bat comes a hitter who is known for his ability to hit home runs, and hits them pretty consistently. This pitcher knows he cannot throw many pitches in the strike zone, for any that he does throw will surely be hit over the outfield wall. So, he thinks, rather than use the strategy he and his coaches painstakingly devised. This is the moment where the pitcher has lost the mental battle. He is so preoccupied with not throwing a hittable pitch, that he completely forgets that this hitter has a small weakness. This hitter cannot hit any pitches that are low and close to his knees. Rather than use the deception that has helped so many conquer the best hitters, he throws four pitches outside the strike zone, and walks the hitter (Dorfman, 81).
This is something no other sport can provide. Sure, you can describe American Football as chess on grass (Mandelbaum 130). But it is such a violent sport that verges on being a blood sport. Hockey, which I am a fan of as well, has some merit of deception and the mental game, due to its blinding speed, but it also has contact that damages and fights. Soccer is nothing more than men pretend to be hurt. But baseball is the essence and spirit of America. Slow as it may seem, the excitement can kick up in an instant, it only takes that one little spark to launch things into action (Burns, Baseball).
As far as the use of statistics goes, it is fascinating how baseball is able to use and apply them. Baseball is the only sport that creates its own statistics year after year (Lewis, 119). For example, we are used to statistics such as batting average, which measure how often a batter, as a percentage of 1.000, hits the ball and reaches base safely. If you were to look at an average of .350, you could think “That’s only a safely hit ball 35% of the time! That’s horrible!”(Lewis, 61) but in fact it is an above average number. If someone were to reach that batting average year after year their entire career, there would be a plaque waiting for them in the Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York.
We’ve used statistics to measure how someone has done for almost a century in baseball, but a few decades ago, we began to use advanced statistics. These statistics measure deeper and less noticeable things. Things such as “Wins Above Replacement”, which measures how good you are compared to someone who can do the exact same thing as you (Lindbergh, 26). For example, say you are an outfielder who has a knack of hitting the baseball hard enough to hit a lot of home runs. By doing this, you have distinguished yourself from the pack and have acquired a 4.5 WaR, which is very much above average. If you were a second baseman who was brilliant on defense but a poor hitter, you would probably have a WaR of around 2.0, which is considered average. There are other stats which can measure the ability to provide the tools for victory, a more weighted batting average and pitcher’s earned run average, or ERA. Other sports can’t find this in numbers. You can’t measure the opportunities a Wide Receiver has when the ball isn’t thrown to him (Lindbergh 10). Soccer only cares about goals, assists, and goals blocked. No one outside us baseball nuts and fanatics give a damn about these stats. But it’s this fervor and passion that drives us to read more about them and understand them.
But this also brings me to what is quite possibly the greatest gift that baseball has ever given us; the perfect source for multimedia portrayals. Baseball is fraught with storylines and narratives so profound that we can make films about them that even the most staunch baseball fan can enjoy. We have several classics, such as Bull Durham, Field of Dreams, Major League, and so many others. Most are based in fact, and are revered at the respect that they deserve. Movies such as The Natural, which details the return of a player to the pro scene who would have dominated, had his ignorance as a young man not blinded him to the dangers of gamblers and the control they had. While fictitious, it is still a wonderful example of how the sport plays well into cinematics and the narratives that drive it.
Other wonderful forms of how the game is portrayed are through video games. Many people are enthralled by the MLB endorsed “MLB The Show” video games. In it, it allows you to play as either a rookie working his way up to become a legend or as the manager of a team, where you control every player. Wildly successful, its popularity is greatly understandable, and its faithful following seems to have no end in sight. There is another, named Out of the Park Baseball. Within, you’ll find yourself either at the helm of the team as the General Manager, or skippering the team from the dugout. You can get a greater insight in to how the sport is viewed from the people in the front office, where you make the decisions such as trades, transfers, contract extensions and more. Without sounding like an advertisement or an endorsed individual, I myself have played it, and I am constantly amazed at how detailed it is (Out of The Park Developments, Out of The Park Baseball 1-19).
Baseball is also best when heard on the radio. You don’t have to visualize where someone on the field is when the announcer says “Hit into right field”. I know exactly where that is, and can easily see in my mind where the ball is. If you were to hear that in say Soccer or Football, you would have to work out things like “Is the Quarterback on the left or the right?” or “Does the striker have a clear avenue to score or is he being hounded by opponents?”. Baseball is practically the reason why radio is still alive in the era of digital equipment that transmits data to us in every waking moment.
However, I believe the best and most detailed representation of the sport is through none other than the legendary documentarist Ken Burns. Ken Burns has his “Baseball” documentary, which began in 1994 and has an updated episode in 2009. Many facts that I provided in this essay originated from his mini-series, and it is an amazing series for anyone who loves baseball. He exhaustively covers almost every detail that he can, and brings in outside perspectives of notable and very credible people, such as the sports announcer Bob Costas. Baseball serves as the true form of a team sport. No single player is responsible for a team’s loss or victory. An example of a single player being responsible for a loss would be easy to come by, like in the NFL playoffs earlier this year. What should have been an easy tackle for a New Orleans defenseman turned him into a laughing stock when he not only botched the tackle, but missed the receiver by a wide margin allowing him to score in the last second of the game, thus losing it.
Baseball is the epitome of the American spirit. The drive that lies latent within us all. It pushes us to be more than we could be. It seduces us, tells us sweet little lies, yet we know we are being seduced and are not angered by it (Burns, Baseball). Baseball is, through measurements of history, gameplay, statistics, and multimedia portrayals, the best sport that man has ever devised.
Works Cited
Gleeman, Aaron, et al. Baseball Prospectus 2018: the essential guide to the 2018 season. Turner Publishing Company, 2018.
Knight, Molly. The best team money can buy: the Los Angeles Dodgers wild struggle to build a baseball powerhouse. Simon & Schuster, 2016.
Lewis, Michael. Moneyball: the art of winning an unfair game. W.W. Norton, 2013.
Burns, Ken, and Geoffrey Ward. Ken Burn's Baseball, performance by John Chancellor, and Keith David, season 1, episode 1-9, PBS, 18 Sept. 1994. This series is a continuous work in progress, as it chronicles the history of baseball. The last episode, released in 2009, covered the history of baseball from 1995-2009. The next episode is set to release in 2020. It has won an Emmy Award. Keith David and John Chancellor are the narrators.
“OOTP 18: out of the park baseball.” 2018 Edition, Out of the Park Developments, 2017.
Colletti, Ned. Big Chair: the Smooth Hops and Bad Bounces from the Inside World of the Acclaimed Los Angeles Dodgers General Manager. Penguin Publishing Group, 2017.
Lindbergh, Ben, and Sam Miller. The only rule is it has to work: our wild experiment building a new kind of baseball team. St. Martins Griffin, 2017.
Dorfman, Harvey A., and Karl Kuehl. The mental game of baseball: a guide to peak performance. Taylor Trade Publishing, 2017.
“The Official Site of Major League Baseball.” MLB.com,
www.mlb.com/.
Mandelbaum, Michael. The meaning of sports: why Americans watch baseball, football and basketball and what they see when they do. PublicAffairs, 2004.
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